This is a clear illustration titled "Excavation and Research of Cultural Heritage," which primarily explains excavation, research, and their importance and applications. Each section is further elaborated on multiple levels. For instance, the excavation section introduces archaeological techniques and methods used in discovering cultural heritage; the research section explores analytical approaches through disciplines such as history and anthropology; finally, the importance and applications section highlights the contributions of these studies to understanding human history and cultural identity. This illustration provides archaeologists and cultural researchers with a comprehensive framework to enhance their work in excavating and studying cultural heritage.