Extraction of DNA

Here is a concept map about the processes of extraction of DNA. Firstly, to carry out the extraction, about 75mg of young leaf tissue should be taken. They are placed in a plastic tube. Frozen in liquid nitrogen to prevent ice crystal formation. The frozen mixture is crushed in liquid nitrogen, with the help of a plastic mortar, since the tissue must be reduced to a fine powder. Then, 500 microliters of extraction buffer are added. With this, the rupture of cell membranes occurs. During the entire process it is necessary to inhibit the action of nucleases, that is, the enzymes that degrade DNA or DNA. The samples are incubated in a bath or heating block for 10 minutes at 65ºC. Isoamyl Chloroform is added to the sample. It must be added with caution to prevent it from slipping down the pipette tip. 540 microliters of a mixture of isomeric chloroform in portions 24-1 are added and the sample is centrifuged for 5 or 10 minutes at 13,000 revolutions per minute.